Ağustos 2017

44-46

Burcu GÜVEN, Hacer Fulya GÜLERMAN

Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Kırıkkale University School of Medicine, Kırıkkale

Çocuklarda yabancı cisim yutulması sık karşılaşılan bir sorundur. Bu cisimlerin çoğu bağırsak yoluna kolaylıkla geçer, ancak bazıları büyüklük ya da şekline bağlı olarak özofagusta kalır. Keskin ve tırtıklı kenarı olan yabancı cisimler özofagusu perfore etme riskinden dolayı daha çok risk taşırlar. Biz burada kaza sonucu kenarı tırtıklı gazoz kapağı yutan bir ergende bu cismin endoskopik olarak fileli kement ile hasarsız olarak orta özofagustan çıkarı- mını bildiriyoruz. Fleksibl endoskoplar ile çok sayıda seçenek kullanılarak yabancı cisimler çıkarılabilmektedir. Bu seçeneklerden fileli kement uygulaması da çocuklarda güvenli ve etkin bir seçenek olarak görünmektedir.

Yabancı cisim, özofagus, çocuk, endoskopik kement

Foreign body ingestion is a common problem in the pediatric population. When compared with adults, 98% of foreign body ingestion in children is accidental and involves common objects found in the home environment, such as coins, toys, jewelry, magnets, and batteries (1). Most ingested objects pass through the gastrointestinal tract without any complication. Foreign bodies might cause severe injuries because of their characteristic features or because of the level at which they became lodged. Extraction of an object lodged in the esophagus is usually achieved endoscopically, with less than 1% of cases requiring surgical intervention for removal (2). Herein, we report a rare case of an accidentally swallowed carbonated drink bottle cap with a peripherally serrated rim in the esophagus, removed endoscopically via a snare with a net, without any damage.

Foreign body ingestion in children is one of the most common presentations for the pediatric emergency department. It is assumed that up to 40% of ingestions may go unnoticed (3). They most frequently occur in children between six months and four years of age. Foreign bodies that are commonly ingested tend to be everyday objects, including coins, pins, toys, foods, batteries, and magnets (4). Most of these objects pass through the intestinal tract without difficulty; however, due to their size or shape, many will become lodged in the esophagus. Children may present with symptoms such as stridor, pain, drooling, fussiness, chest pain, respiratory distress, abdominal pain, fever, and refusal to eat. Objects with sharp edges are especially dangerous because of their ability to perforate the esophagus and other structures. Esophageal perforation is a life-threatening injury requiring urgent management, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. A bottle cap is a rare foreign body to be lodged in the esophagus. Due to the risk of injury because of the sharply serrated rims of the cap in our case, we planned to remove it immediately with flexible endoscopy. On the other hand, an explosion of the bottle may occur when patients remove the cap of a carbonated drink bottle with their teeth (5). Bottle explosion is one of the etiologic agents of barotraumas in the aerodigestive tract and causes mucosal perforation. High air pressure is introduced into the potential space of head and neck. It may cause damage to both deeper structures and the mediastinum such as laceration of the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophageal soft tissues, cervical emphysema, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum (5). For our patient, the explosion of the bottle did not occur, fortunately, and the cap of the bottle was removed without complication. In conclusion, foreign body ingestion is a common problem in the pediatric population. Most foreign bodies are usually free of complications, but sharp or serrated bodies are not and are frequently associated with serious complications. With flexible endoscopy, a wide variety of instruments is suitable for removing foreign bodies by an experienced endoscopist. A snare with a net can be considered as a safe and effective option for use in the pediatric population.

Foreign body ingestion in children is one of the most common presentations for the pediatric emergency department. It is assumed that up to 40% of ingestions may go unnoticed (3). They most frequently occur in children between six months and four years of age. Foreign bodies that are commonly ingested tend to be everyday objects, including coins, pins, toys, foods, batteries, and magnets (4). Most of these objects pass through the intestinal tract without difficulty; however, due to their size or shape, many will become lodged in the esophagus. Children may present with symptoms such as stridor, pain, drooling, fussiness, chest pain, respiratory distress, abdominal pain, fever, and refusal to eat. Objects with sharp edges are especially dangerous because of their ability to perforate the esophagus and other structures. Esophageal perforation is a life-threatening injury requiring urgent management, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. A bottle cap is a rare foreign body to be lodged in the esophagus. Due to the risk of injury because of the sharply serrated rims of the cap in our case, we planned to remove it immediately with flexible endoscopy. On the other hand, an explosion of the bottle may occur when patients remove the cap of a carbonated drink bottle with their teeth (5). Bottle explosion is one of the etiologic agents of barotraumas in the aerodigestive tract and causes mucosal perforation. High air pressure is introduced into the potential space of head and neck. It may cause damage to both deeper structures and the mediastinum such as laceration of the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophageal soft tissues, cervical emphysema, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum (5). For our patient, the explosion of the bottle did not occur, fortunately, and the cap of the bottle was removed without complication. In conclusion, foreign body ingestion is a common problem in the pediatric population. Most foreign bodies are usually free of complications, but sharp or serrated bodies are not and are frequently associated with serious complications. With flexible endoscopy, a wide variety of instruments is suitable for removing foreign bodies by an experienced endoscopist. A snare with a net can be considered as a safe and effective option for use in the pediatric population.

1. Arana A, Hauser B, Hachimi-Idrissi S, et al. Management of ingested foreign bodies in childhood and review of the literature. Eur J Pediatr 2001;160:468-72.
2. Eisen GM, Baron TH, Dominitz JA, et al. Guideline for the management of ingested foreign bodies. Gastrointest Endosc 2002;55:802-6.
3. Paul SP, Hawes D, Taylor TM. Foreign body ingestion in children: case series, review of the literature and guidelines on minimising accidental ingestions. J Fam Health Care 2010;20:200-4.
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5. Lee JK, Lim SC. Barotraumatic perforation of pharyngoesophagus by ex- plosion of a bottle into the mouth. Yonsei Med J 2005;46:724-8